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Oilfield drilling is a complex process involving multiple engineered pieces of equipment to ensure proper extraction, cleaning, and safety. While the variety of oilfield equipment used can at first be overwhelming, we’ve listed out the five most important pieces to become familiar with. Each of these play an important role in reducing costs, accidents, fire control, and environmental impact.
1. Shale Shakers
The most important part of the solids control/separation system on a rig, shale shakers separate the “cuttings” (large solids) from the “mud” (drilling fluids). After the mud is separated, it is used to keep the drill bit cool. Ideally, these fluids can be reused more than once. This separation before the disposal of cuttings helps reduce drilling costs and environmental impact. Proper controlling of drilling fluids is correlated directly to the efficiency of all other downstream controlling equipment later in the process.
Modern shale shakers are evolving with the introduction of automated controls that help optimize shaker performance. These systems automatically adjust parameters like screen tension and vibration settings to adapt to changing drilling conditions, improving both efficiency and longevity of equipment.
2. Degassers
After the drilling fluids are separated from the large solids, air and gas trapped in the liquids needs to be removed. Degassers are used to remove methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide, among others gases. This increases safety at the oilfield by reducing the risk of gas explosions.
There are two types of degassers. By reducing the pressure inside the vessel, vacuum degassers are able to separate the gases from the mud. Atmospheric (“poor boy”) degassers use a propeller to spread out fluids across a larger surface area, making it easier to release trapped gases.
Automation in Degassers
In recent years, there has been a rise in the use of real-time gas monitoring systems integrated with degassers, which allow operators to make immediate adjustments and improve safety. These systems can alert workers to dangerous levels of gas accumulation, ensuring that the degasser operates efficiently and safely at all times. Automation in degasser systems is also improving the consistency and effectiveness of gas removal, reducing the manual intervention required during drilling operations.
3. Mud Cleaners
The mud separated from the cuttings is used to keep the drill bit cool. However, before reaching the drill it’s important that the mud be as clean as possible. Thick mud can stop the drill, causing downtime.
The mud cleaner is a mesh with tiny holes that prevent solids from entering the mud. This happens right after the mud is put through a hydrocyclone. The mesh allows particles smaller than barite to pass. Since barite can be used in thicker drilling solutions, the mud cleaner not only helps with the current drilling, but also helps reuse resources for future projects.
The latest generation of mud cleaners are often equipped with automated systems that adjust flow rates and separation settings based on real-time drilling fluid data. This innovation helps optimize the mud cleaning process, making it more efficient and reducing the need for manual intervention.
4. Sand Pumps
While a variety of pumps are used in the oilfield drilling process, sand pumps address the need of moving deposits away from the drilling site. Sand pumps are most often placed in oil or other fluid tanks that have filled with sand. These pumps use a grooved disk that rotates around a central axis.
Any particles that come in contact with this grooved surface will be removed. These particles will then be carried through a pipe system away from the site. Though called sand pumps, these are also used to move other materials. Apart from cleaning and maintaining tanks, sand pumps replace the use of manual labor or other machinery to carry particles away from the oilfield site.
Advancements in Sand Pump Design and Versatility
Sand pumps have also seen improvements in terms of durability and capacity. Many modern pumps are designed to handle higher pressures and are made from more corrosion-resistant materials, extending their lifespan in harsh oilfield conditions. Additionally, innovations in pump design, such as modular systems, make maintenance easier and more cost-effective. Sand pumps are also being used in more diverse applications, such as transporting fluids and cleaning wellbores during maintenance, showcasing their versatility in the drilling process.
5. Stabbing Guides
The incorrect alignment of drilling pipes during a drilling project can cause downtime due to pipe damage and threat-related downtime. Stabbing guides are used to align pins to box threads for an accurate, damage-free connection. For more intense industries such as oil drilling, stabbing guides can also help protect against impact, corrosion, and extreme temperatures.
Pipe-handling safety is also increased due to the lowered risk of damage to tube threading, bail arms, or single joint elevators, which could result in dropped objects from the derrick.
It’s important to note that these oilfield drilling tools are not mutually exclusive. Oilfield drilling requires that these tools, along with many others, come together in a cohesive workflow. Proper piping is needed to carry solids away from the drilling site. Drilling can only continue if cleaned fluids are returned to the drill. The tools listed are essential to a successful oil drilling project. And understanding how they work together is even more essential.
Enhancing Drilling Operations with Keystone Energy Tools
Oilfield drilling operations require a precise and coordinated approach to ensure both efficiency and safety. This equipment plays a vital role in achieving these goals. As technology continues to advance, so do the capabilities of these essential tools, enhancing the overall performance of drilling projects. Keystone Energy Tools is proud to offer a range of innovative, high-performance tools designed to meet the ever-evolving needs of the oil and gas industry.
With a focus on safety, efficiency, and sustainability, Keystone Energy Tools ensures that your drilling operations are equipped with the most reliable and cutting-edge technology available. Reach out to Keystone Energy Tools today to learn more about how our products can enhance your operations.
About Keystone Energy Tools
Keystone Energy Tools is a manufacturer with over fifty years of combined experience in designing, manufacturing, and delivering high-quality oilfield tools, including elevators, slips, dies and inserts, tongs dies, safety clamps, stabbing guides, drill pipe float valves, baffle plates, float valve pullers, rotating mouseholes, and tong blocks.
By using the latest in 3D modeling for product design and by staying current with the rapid advances in manufacturing technology and quality-assurance standards, Keystone is able to manufacture and produce the most reliable products on the market today. All Keystone Handling Tools are manufactured according to API 8C and API Standards.